Description:

The main objective of the course is to introduce students to the basic equipment of intensive care units (ICU) and anesthesiology and resuscitation departments of hospitals. These are devices to support vital functions, especially lung ventilation, as well as patient monitors, anesthesia machines and their parts and other equipment. Another objective of the course is to integrate knowledge and skills of students from the fields of science (especially physics, chemistry and physiology) and engineering (modeling, circuit theory, pneumatic elements, etc.) in the analysis of clinical technology and in the design and implementation of functional technical systems.

Contents:

1. The connection between ventilation, circulation, consciousness and the internal environment. Terminology for intensive care medicine.
2. Blood gas analysis. Continuous and transcutaneous blood gas measurements.
3. Description and models of flow systems. Flow resistance, compliance.
4. Conventional mechanical lung ventilation; principles and adverse effects.
5. Conventional mechanical ventilators. Conventional modes of mechanical ventilation.
6. Unconventional ventilation.
7. Extracorporeal circulation, extracorporeal oxygenation.
8. Principles of anesthesia. Anesthetic vaporizers.
9. Anesthesia machine. Anesthesia breathing circuit.
10. Anesthetic and respiratory gas analyzers. Capnometry.

Seminar contents:

1. Distribution of medical gases, pressure cylinders, reducing and proportional valves.
2. Electroacoustic analogy and its use.
3. Experimental measurement of flow resistance.
4. Experimental measurement of compliance.
5. Automated measurement of flow resistance.
6. Automated measurement of compliance.
7. Introduction to equipment for mechanical ventilation.
8. Measurement of ventilation efficiency.
9. Dynamic hyperinflation.
10. Artificial patient, the connection of ventilator and anesthetic device, monitoring of vital functions.

Recommended literature:

Required literature:
[1] West JB. Respiratory physiology: the essentials. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2012.
[2] Webster JG. Encyclopedia of medical devices and instrumentation [Internet]. 2nd ed. Hoboken (NJ): John Wiley and Sons; 2006. Available from: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/book/10.1002/0471732877.

Recommended literature:
[1] Davis PD, Kenny GNC. Basic physics and measurement in anaesthesia. 5th ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann; 2003.
[2] Magee P. The physics, clinical measurement, and equipment of anaesthetic practice for the FRCA. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2011.
[3] Cairo JM and Pilbeam SP. Mechanical ventilation: physiological and clinical applications. 5th ed.
St. Louis: Elsevier; 2012.
[4] Ehrenwert J, Eisenkraft JB, Berry JM. Anesthesia equipment: principles and applications. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2013.

Abbreviations used:

Semester:

• W ... winter semester (usually October - February)
• S ... spring semester (usually March - June)
• W,S ... both semesters

Mode of completion of the course:

• A ... Assessment (no grade is given to this course but credits are awarded. You will receive only P (Passed) of F (Failed) and number of credits)
• GA ... Graded Assessment (a grade is awarded for this course)
• EX ... Examination (a grade is awarded for this course)
• A, EX ... Examination (the award of Assessment is a precondition for taking the Examination in the given subject, a grade is awarded for this course)

Weekly load (hours per week):

• P ... lecture
• C ... seminar
• L ... laboratory
• R ... proseminar
• S ... seminar