Description:

During the lectures, students deepen their theoretical knowledge and practical skills of subjective refraction with the test frames and test sets of glasses. Further tests will follow on binocular balance, practice working with phoropter and other techniques.

Contents:

1. Hypermetropia, myopia, astigmatism
2. Dissociation, dissociation tests
3. Prismatic decentration, calculation of total prismatic correction
4. Binocular examination of astigmatism
5. Influence of tilt and wrap of trial and corrective glasses for refractive changes
6. Aniseikonia - classification, examination and management
7. Disorders of accommodation, addition, amplitude of accommodation, accommodation reserve
8. Myopia progress, night myopia, myopia control
9. Systemic diseases and their influence on the refraction examination
10. Ophthalmic diseases and their influence on the refraction examination
11. Medical and mental limits in refraction examination
12. Complicated refractive states - aphakia, vitreous replacement, corneal ectasis
13. Refraction examination for contact lens application
14. Case studies

Seminar contents:

1. Hypermetropia, myopia, astigmatism
2. Dissociation, dissociation tests
3. Prismatic decentration, calculation of total prismatic correction
4. Binocular examination of astigmatism
5. Influence of tilt and wrap of trial and corrective glasses for refractive changes
6. Aniseikonia - classification, examination and management
7. Disorders of accommodation, addition, amplitude of accommodation, accommodation reserve
8. Night myopia
9. Systemic diseases and their influence on the refraction examination
10. Ophthalmic diseases and their influence on the refraction examination
11. Medical and mental limits in refraction examination
12. Complicated refractive states - aphakia, vitreous replacement, corneal ectasis
13. Refraction examination for contact lens application
14. Phoropter

Recommended literature:

[1] BENJAMIN, W. J., Borish's Clinical Refraction, ed. 2., Butterworth-Heinemann-Elsevier, 2006, 1694 s., ISBN: 978-0-7506-7524-6
[2] DIETZE, H., Die optometrische Untersuchung, ed. 1., Georg Thieme Verlag, 2008, 307 s., ISBN: 9783131422316
[3] DOSHI, S., HARVEY, W., Eye Essentials: Assessment & Investigative Techniques, ed. 1., Elsevier, 2005, 186 s., ISBN: 978-0-7506-8853-6

Abbreviations used:

Semester:

• W ... winter semester (usually October - February)
• S ... spring semester (usually March - June)
• W,S ... both semesters

Mode of completion of the course:

• A ... Assessment (no grade is given to this course but credits are awarded. You will receive only P (Passed) of F (Failed) and number of credits)
• GA ... Graded Assessment (a grade is awarded for this course)
• EX ... Examination (a grade is awarded for this course)
• A, EX ... Examination (the award of Assessment is a precondition for taking the Examination in the given subject, a grade is awarded for this course)

Weekly load (hours per week):

• P ... lecture
• C ... seminar
• L ... laboratory
• R ... proseminar
• S ... seminar