Description:

Types of bonds in solids. Symmetry of crystalline solids. Vibrations of crystalline lattice and its thermal properties. Band electron structure of crystalline solids. Localized states of electrons in nonideal solids. Thermal, electric, magnetic and optical properties of solids.

Contents:

1. Fundamental questions in the theory of solids. Phenomenological and microscopic approaches. Types of bonds in solids. Schrödinger Fundamental questions in the theory of solids. Phenomenological and microscopic approaches. Types of bonds in solids. 2. Schrödinger equation for solids. Adiabatic approximation in the description of motion of electrons and nuclei. Description of symmetry of crystalline solids by group theory. 3. Vibrations of atoms in crystal lattice and its thermal properties. Harmonic approximation and normal coordinates. Acoustic and optical branches of vibrations of atoms in crystals, vibration spectrum of real crystals. Phonons as quasiparticles of collective vibrations of atoms in crystalline lattice. 4. Phonon specific heat of solids. Interaction of vibrating crystalline lattice with electromagnetic radiation and neutrons. 5. Theory of electrons in ideal crystalline solids. The Hartree - Fock approximation of self - consistent field. 6. Bloch theory of motion of electrons in a periodic electric field in the crystal. 7. Band energy spectrum, density of states, quasimomentum of itinerant electrons, the approximation of effective mass. Positive holes in an almost completely filled electron bands. 8. Basic methods of calculation of band electron structure of solids - the method of nearly free electrons, the method of tightly bound electrons, the augmented plane wave and orthogonalized plane wave methods, the pseudopotential method. Band structure of various types of solids ( metals, semimetals, semiconductors, insulators ). 9. Fermi surfaces of energy of itinerant electrons in metals. Properties of electrons in valence and conduction bands in semiconductors. 10. Electron theory of real solids. Wannier theory of motion of electrons in perturbed periodic electric field. 11. Localized states of itinerant electrons in crystals with imperfections. Tamm surface states. Donor and acceptor energy levels of impurities in semiconductors. 12. Frenkel and Mott - Wannier models of excitons. 13. Localized states of electrons in disordered solids. 14. Thermal, electric and magnetic properties of solids in statistical equilibrium. 15. Optical and transport phenomena in metals and semiconductors.

Recommended literature:

Key references:
[1]. Anselm A.I.: Introduction to Semiconductor Theory, Mir Publishers Moscow 1981.

Recommended references:
[2]. Harrison A.: Solid State Theory, McGraw Hill, New York 1970.
[3] Kittel Ch. : Introduction to Solid State Physics, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York 2005.

Keywords:

bonds and symmetry in solids, vibrations of crystal lattices, band electron structure, localized states in crystals with imperfections, thermal, electric, magnetic, optical and transport properties of solids

Abbreviations used:

Semester:

• W ... winter semester (usually October - February)
• S ... spring semester (usually March - June)
• W,S ... both semesters

Mode of completion of the course:

• A ... Assessment (no grade is given to this course but credits are awarded. You will receive only P (Passed) of F (Failed) and number of credits)
• GA ... Graded Assessment (a grade is awarded for this course)
• EX ... Examination (a grade is awarded for this course)
• A, EX ... Examination (the award of Assessment is a precondition for taking the Examination in the given subject, a grade is awarded for this course)

Weekly load (hours per week):

• P ... lecture
• C ... seminar
• L ... laboratory
• R ... proseminar
• S ... seminar